results: 本文的结果表明，基于这三个基本想法的含义通信方法可以减少无线通信中的传输数据量，同时保持图像重建和分类任务的高精度。Abstract
Semantic communications represent a significant breakthrough with respect to the current communication paradigm, as they focus on recovering the meaning behind the transmitted sequence of symbols, rather than the symbols themselves. In semantic communications, the scope of the destination is not to recover a list of symbols symbolically identical to the transmitted ones, but rather to recover a message that is semantically equivalent to the semantic message emitted by the source. This paradigm shift introduces many degrees of freedom to the encoding and decoding rules that can be exploited to make the design of communication systems much more efficient. In this paper, we present an approach to semantic communication building on three fundamental ideas: 1) represent data over a topological space as a formal way to capture semantics, as expressed through relations; 2) use the information bottleneck principle as a way to identify relevant information and adapt the information bottleneck online, as a function of the wireless channel state, in order to strike an optimal trade-off between transmit power, reconstruction accuracy and delay; 3) exploit probabilistic generative models as a general tool to adapt the transmission rate to the wireless channel state and make possible the regeneration of the transmitted images or run classification tasks at the receiver side.
摘要
semantic communications represent a significant breakthrough in terms of the current communication paradigm, as they focus on recovering the meaning behind the transmitted sequence of symbols, rather than the symbols themselves. In semantic communications, the scope of the destination is not to recover a list of symbols symbolically identical to the transmitted ones, but rather to recover a message that is semantically equivalent to the semantic message emitted by the source. This paradigm shift introduces many degrees of freedom to the encoding and decoding rules that can be exploited to make the design of communication systems much more efficient. In this paper, we present an approach to semantic communication building on three fundamental ideas: 1) represent data over a topological space as a formal way to capture semantics, as expressed through relations; 2) use the information bottleneck principle as a way to identify relevant information and adapt the information bottleneck online, as a function of the wireless channel state, in order to strike an optimal trade-off between transmit power, reconstruction accuracy, and delay; 3) exploit probabilistic generative models as a general tool to adapt the transmission rate to the wireless channel state and make possible the regeneration of the transmitted images or run classification tasks at the receiver side.
results: 通过Simulations，本文示出了提议方法的优越性。Abstract
Radar systems typically employ well-designed deterministic signals for target sensing. In contrast to that, integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) systems have to use random signals to convey useful information, potentially causing sensing performance degradation. This paper analyzes the sensing performance via random ISAC signals over a multi-antenna system. Towards this end, we define a new sensing performance metric, namely, ergodic linear minimum mean square error (ELMMSE), which characterizes the estimation error averaged over the randomness of ISAC signals. Then, we investigate a data-dependent precoding scheme to minimize the ELMMSE, which attains the {optimized} sensing performance at the price of high computational complexity. To reduce the complexity, we present an alternative data-independent precoding scheme and propose a stochastic gradient projection (SGP) algorithm for ELMMSE minimization, which can be trained offline by locally generated signal samples. Finally, we demonstrate the superiority of the proposed methods by simulations.
摘要
雷达系统通常使用高效的决定性信号进行目标探测。然而，集成感知通信（ISAC）系统需要使用随机信号传输有用信息，可能导致探测性能下降。本文分析了使用随机ISAC信号在多antenna系统上的探测性能。为此，我们定义了一个新的探测性能指标，即ergodic线性最小均方误差（ELMMSE），该指标表示随机ISAC信号中的估计误差的平均值。然后，我们 investigate了一种数据依赖的 precoding 策略，以实现最优的探测性能，但是计算复杂性高。为了降低复杂性，我们提出了一种数据独立的 precoding 策略，并提出了一种Stochastic Gradient Projection（SGP）算法，用于ELMMSE最小化，该算法可以在本地生成的信号样本上进行线上培育。最后，我们通过 simulate 表明了我们的方法的优越性。
Fairness Optimization of RSMA for Uplink Communication based on Intelligent Reflecting Surface
results: simulation 结果表明，提议的方案可以提高上行通信的公平性Abstract
In this paper, we propose a rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) scheme for uplink wireless communication systems with intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) aided. In the considered model, IRS is adopted to overcome power attenuation caused by path loss. We construct a max-min fairness optimization problem to obtain the resource allocation, including the receive beamforming at the base station (BS) and phase-shift beamforming at IRS. We also introduce a successive group decoding (SGD) algorithm at the receiver, which trades off the fairness and complexity of decoding. In the simulation, the results show that the proposed scheme has superiority in improving the fairness of uplink communication.
摘要
在这篇论文中，我们提出了一种基于多访问率拆分（RSMA）的上行无线通信系统中使用智能反射 superficie（IRS）的方案。在考虑的模型中，我们采用了IRS以超越由路径损失引起的功率损失。我们构建了最大最小公平性优化问题来获取资源分配，包括接收天线的扫描方向和phaseshift天线的调制。我们还引入了Successive Group Decoding（SGD）算法，以考虑公平性和解码复杂性之间的贸易。在仿真中，结果显示，我们提出的方案可以提高上行通信的公平性。
Design of a New CIM-DCSK-Based Ambient Backscatter Communication System
paper_authors: Ruipeng Yang, Yi Fang, Pingping Chen, Huan Ma for: 提高Diffusion Chaos Shift Keying（DCSK）基于Ambient Backscatter Communication（AmBC）系统的数据率，我们提出了一种基于Code Index Modulation（CIM）的AmBC系统，称为CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统。methods: 在提出的系统中，CIM-DCSK信号在直接链路上传输，并用作背scatter链路的Radio Frequency源。在背scatter链路中，信号格式设计用于提高数据率，同时消除直接链路信号干扰。因此，直接链路信号和背scatter链路信号可以同时接收和解模ulation。results: 我们 derivated and validated the theoretical bit error rate（BER）表达式 Of CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统 Over multipath Rayleigh fading channels。Compared with准确参照DCSK-based AmBC（SR-DCSK-AmBC）系统作为参考系统，numerical results reveal that CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统可以在直接链路中 achieve better BER性能和在背scatter链路中 higher throughput than benchmark system。Abstract
To improve the data rate in differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) based ambient backscatter communication (AmBC) system, we propose a new AmBC system based on code index modulation (CIM), referred to as CIM-DCSK-AmBC system. In the proposed system, the CIM-DCSK signal transmitted in the direct link is used as the radio frequency source of the backscatter link. The signal format in the backscatter link is designed to increase the data rate as well as eliminate the interference of the direct link signal. As such, the direct link signal and the backscatter link signal can be received and demodulated simultaneously. Moreover, we derive and validate the theoretical bit error rate (BER) expressions of the CIM-DCSK-AmBC system over multipath Rayleigh fading channels. Regarding the short reference DCSK-based AmBC (SR-DCSK-AmBC) system as a benchmark system, numerical results reveal that the CIM-DCSK-AmBC system can achieve better BER performance in the direct link and higher throughput in the backscatter link than the benchmark system.
摘要
为了提高Diffusion Chaos Shift Keying（DCSK）基于Ambient Backscatter Communication（AmBC）系统的数据速率，我们提议一种基于Code Index Modulation（CIM）的AmBC系统，称为CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统。在该系统中，在直接链路中发送的CIM-DCSK信号被用作背scatter链路的Radio Frequency源。在背scatter链路中，信号格式设计为提高数据速率，同时消除直接链路信号干扰。因此，直接链路信号和背scatter链路信号可以同时接收和解模式。此外，我们 derive了和验证了CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统在多path Rayleigh抖振通道上的符号错误率（BER）表达式。对于参考系统SR-DCSK-AmBC系统作为标准系统，数字结果表明，CIM-DCSK-AmBC系统在直接链路中的BER性能比标准系统更好，而在背scatter链路中的 Throughput更高。
PyPVRoof: a Python package for extracting the characteristics of rooftop PV installations using remote sensing data
results: 该论文的结果表明，{\tt PyPVRoof}可以高效地自动提取庭院式太阳能系统的主要特征，并且可以满足不同的数据可用性和用户需求。Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) energy grows at an unprecedented pace, which makes it difficult to maintain up-to-date and accurate PV registries, which are critical for many applications such as PV power generation estimation. This lack of qualitative data is especially true in the case of rooftop PV installations. As a result, extensive efforts are put into the constitution of PV inventories. However, although valuable, these registries cannot be directly used for monitoring the deployment of PV or estimating the PV power generation, as these tasks usually require PV systems {\it characteristics}. To seamlessly extract these characteristics from the global inventories, we introduce {\tt PyPVRoof}. {\tt PyPVRoof} is a Python package to extract essential PV installation characteristics. These characteristics are tilt angle, azimuth, surface, localization, and installed capacity. {\tt PyPVRoof} is designed to cover all use cases regarding data availability and user needs and is based on a benchmark of the best existing methods. Data for replicating our accuracy benchmarks are available on our Zenodo repository \cite{tremenbert2023pypvroof}, and the package code is accessible at this URL: \url{https://github.com/gabrielkasmi/pypvroof}.
摘要
彩票太阳能（PV）在不可思议的速度下增长，使得保持最新和准确的PV注册记录变得很困难，这些注册记录对许多应用来说非常重要，例如PV电力生产估算。特别是在悬挂PV设备上，缺乏质量的数据是非常真实的。因此，大量的努力被投入到PV库的编制中。虽然这些注册记录非常有价值，但它们无法直接用于监测PV的部署或估算PV电力生产，因为这些任务通常需要PV系统的特征。为了快速提取这些特征，我们介绍了PyPVRoof。PyPVRoof是一个基于Python的包，用于提取PV设备的关键特征，包括倾斜角度、方位、面积、地点和安装容量。PyPVRoof针对所有的数据可用性和用户需求进行了设计，并基于最佳现有方法的准确性标准。数据用于复制我们准确性标准的数据可以在我们Zenodo存储库中找到 \cite{tremenbert2023pypvroof}, 并且包代码可以在以下URL上获取：\url{https://github.com/gabrielkasmi/pypvroof}。
A Wideband MIMO Channel Model for Aerial Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Wireless Communications
results: 实验结果表明，提出的模型能准确捕捉通道特性，并且提出的相位调整策略可以有效地改善通道统计特性和系统容量。此外，我们发现在某些情况下，IRS和直线视线(LoS)路径之间的道路具有类似特性。这些发现可以为未来智能通信系统的发展提供有价值的指导。Abstract
Compared to traditional intelligent reflecting surfaces(IRS), aerial IRS (AIRS) has unique advantages, such as more flexible deployment and wider service coverage. However, modeling AIRS in the channel presents new challenges due to their mobility. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) wideband channel model for AIRS and IRS joint-assisted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system is proposed, where considering the rotational degrees of freedom in three directions and the motion angles of AIRS in space. Based on the proposed model, the channel impulse response (CIR), correlation function, and channel capacity are derived, and several feasible joint phase shifts schemes for AIRS and IRS units are proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed model can capture the channel characteristics accurately, and the proposed phase shifts methods can effectively improve the channel statistical characteristics and increase the system capacity. Additionally, we observe that in certain scenarios, the paths involving the IRS and the line-of-sight (LoS) paths exhibit similar characteristics. These findings provide valuable insights for the future development of intelligent communication systems.
摘要
Translated into Simplified Chinese:与传统的智能反射表面（IRS）相比，空中智能反射表面（AIRS）具有更多的灵活部署和更广泛的服务覆盖。然而，为AIRS在通道进行模型化带来了新的挑战，因为它们的移动会导致通道的差异。在这篇论文中，我们提出了一个三维（3D）宽频通道模型，用于AIRS和IRS共同协助多输入多出力（MIMO）通信系统。该模型考虑了AIRS在三个方向上的旋转度量和空间中的运动角度。根据提出的模型，我们 derivated了通道响应函数（CIR）、相关函数和通道容量。此外，我们还提出了一些可能的共同相位shift方案 дляAIRS和IRS单元。实验结果表明，提出的模型可以准确捕捉通道特性，并且提出的相位shift方案可以有效改善通道统计特性和系统容量。此外，我们还发现在某些场景下，IRS和直线视线（LoS）路径之间的道路具有相似的特性。这些发现提供了智能通信系统的未来发展中的有价值意见。
The Impact of SAR-ADC Mismatch on Quantized Massive MU-MIMO Systems
results: 论文发现，即使使用低分辨率的SAR ADC，但是发散错误仍然会影响系统的性能。Abstract
Low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) in massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems can significantly reduce the power, cost, and interconnect data rates of infrastructure basestations. Thus, recent research on the theory and algorithm sides has extensively focused on such architectures, but with idealistic quantization models. However, real-world ADCs do not behave like ideal quantizers, and are affected by fabrication mismatches. We analyze the impact of capacitor-array mismatches in successive approximation register (SAR) ADCs, which are widely used in wireless systems. We use Bussgang's decomposition to model the effects of such mismatches, and we analyze their impact on the performance of a single ADC. We then simulate a massive MU-MIMO system to demonstrate that capacitor mismatches should not be ignored, even in basestations that use low-resolution SAR ADCs.
摘要
低分辨率的analog-to-digital converter (ADC)在大规模多用户多输入多输出（MU-MIMO）无线系统中可以显著降低基站的能耗、成本和 интер连接数据率。因此，当前的研究把焦点在这些架构上，但是使用理想的量化模型。然而，实际的ADC不是理想的量化器，它们受到制造偏差的影响。我们分析了Successive Approximation Register（SAR）ADC中的电容器数组偏差的影响，使用Bussgang的分解来模型这些影响。我们分析了单个ADC的性能受到这些偏差的影响，然后通过模拟大规模MU-MIMO系统来证明，即使使用低分辨率SAR ADC，也不能忽略电容器偏差。
Wiometrics: Comparative Performance of Artificial Neural Networks for Wireless Navigation
paper_authors: Russ Whiton, Junshi Chen, Fredrik Tufvesson
for: 本研究用于Navigation aid的 Radio signals 的利用，以及现有和未来的 terrestrial wireless communication systems 的双用性。
methods: 本文使用 artificial neural networks 进行了 vehicular location and heading estimation，并使用了 software-defined radio 和庞大的天线数组。
results: 实验结果显示，使用不同的 artificial neural network 架构和输入数据表示，可以实现精度在几米之间，并且方向精度在几度之间。Abstract
Radio signals are used broadly as navigation aids, and current and future terrestrial wireless communication systems have properties that make their dual-use for this purpose attractive. Sub-6 GHz carrier frequencies enable widespread coverage for data communication and navigation, but typically offer smaller bandwidths and limited resolution for precise estimation of geometries, particularly in environments where propagation channels are diffuse in time and/or space. Non-parametric methods have been employed with some success for such scenarios both commercially and in literature, but often with an emphasis on low-cost hardware and simple models of propagation, or with simulations that do not fully capture hardware impairments and complex propagation mechanisms. In this article, we make opportunistic observations of downlink signals transmitted by commercial cellular networks by using a software-defined radio and massive antenna array mounted on a passenger vehicle in an urban non line-of-sight scenario, together with a ground truth reference for vehicle pose. With these observations as inputs, we employ artificial neural networks to generate estimates of vehicle location and heading for various artificial neural network architectures and different representations of the input observation data, which we call wiometrics, and compare the performance for navigation. Position accuracy on the order of a few meters, and heading accuracy of a few degrees, are achieved for the best-performing combinations of networks and wiometrics. Based on the results of the experiments we draw conclusions regarding possible future directions for wireless navigation using statistical methods.
摘要
无线信号广泛用于导航帮助，现有和未来的陆地无线通信系统具有许多有用的双用特性。低于6GHz的载波频率提供了广泛的覆盖率 для数据通信和导航，但通常具有较小的带宽和限制的分辨率，尤其在时间和空间方向上的噪声通道杂化环境中。非参数方法在这些场景中已经得到了一定的成功，但经常强调低成本硬件和简单的噪声传播模型，或者使用不完全捕捉硬件障碍和复杂噪声传播机制的仿真。在这篇文章中，我们利用软件定义的广播Receiver和巨大的天线数组，在城市非直线视线场景中观察商业无线网络的下行信号，并使用软件定义的人工神经网络生成车辆位置和方向估计。我们使用不同的人工神经网络架构和输入数据的不同表示方式，称为“wiometrics”，并比较这些组合的性能。实验结果显示，最佳组合可以实现位置精度在几米之间，并且方向精度在几度之间。根据实验结果，我们对未来无线导航使用统计方法的可能性进行了结论。
Bayesian Phase Search for Probabilistic Amplitude Shaping
results: 结果显示这个新算法可以超越干扰监测CPR的降解情况，并且在PAS中获得更好的效果。Abstract
We introduce a Bayesian carrier phase recovery (CPR) algorithm which is robust against low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios. It is therefore effective for phase recovery for probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS). Results validate that the new algorithm overcomes the degradation experienced by blind phase-search CPR for PAS.
摘要
我团队提出了一种 bayesian 承载阶段恢复（CPR）算法，可以在低信号噪响比enario下展示Robust性。因此，这种算法是probabilistic amplitude shaping（PAS）中的phase恢复效果的好选择。结果表明，新算法可以超越blind phase-search CPR对PAS的干扰。Here's a breakdown of the translation:* "We introduce" is translated as "我团队提出" (wǒ tuán zǔ tím shuō)* "Bayesian carrier phase recovery" is translated as "bayesian 承载阶段恢复" (bayesian zhāng chēng jīe duō zhī yì)* "algorithm" is translated as "算法" (suān fǎ)* "robust against low signal-to-noise ratio scenarios" is translated as "可以在低信号噪响比enario下展示Robust性" (kě yǐ zài shàng xīn xiāng bīng yè xiàng)* "It is therefore effective for phase recovery for probabilistic amplitude shaping" is translated as "因此，这种算法是probabilistic amplitude shaping（PAS）中的phase恢复效果的好选择" (yīn qù, zhè zhōng suān fǎ shì PAS 中的phase zhī yì de hǎo jiǎo)* "Results validate" is translated as "结果表明" (jiégù bǎo míng)* "that the new algorithm overcomes the degradation experienced by blind phase-search CPR for PAS" is translated as "新算法可以超越blind phase-search CPR对PAS的干扰" (xīn suān fǎ kě yǐ chāo yù blind phase-search CPR duō PAS de gōng kē)